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How CinC Works CinC Results Graduation 2009 CA Assembly 2009


Closing the Revolving Door of Violence


The CAUGHT IN THE CROSSFIRE hospital-based peer intervention program hires young adults who have overcome violence in their own lives to work with youth who are recovering from violent injuries. These highly trained Intervention Specialists offer long-term case management, linkages to community services, mentoring home visits, and follow-up assistance to violently injured youth. The purpose is to promote positive alternatives to violence and to reduce retaliation, re-injury, and arrest.


Caught in the Crossfire staff and participant

Without intervention, hospitals discharge these patients to the same violent environment where they were injured, with no "prescription" for how to stay safe, and with great pressures to get revenge. Too often, this results in a "revolving door" of violence: after youth are injured and hospitalized, they and their friends often retaliate, causing even more injuries or death, arrest, and incarceration. 

Data published by the US Department of Justice bears this out: studies show that hospitalization for violence-related injuries is recurrent, with hospital readmission rates for subsequent assaults as high as 44 percent and subsequent homicide rates as high as 20 percent.

One violent act leads to another . . . and another. . . and another. The violent cycle continues.

CAUGHT IN THE CROSSFIRE Stops That Cycle.

The staff members, or "Intervention Specialists," have grown up the same communities where they now work. Many have survived violence themselves. The Specialists act as case managers and mentors, working closely with the youth and their families to help them avoid violence and thrive.


How Caught In The Crossfire Works

As soon as a young person is admitted to the hospital with a violence-related injury, hospital staff call in the Intervention Specialist, who arrives within one hour at the hospital room, helping the injured patient and his or her families and friends cope with the injury and start talking about alternatives to retaliation.

At these initial bedside visits, the Intervention Specialist focuses on developing a trusting relationship with the patient, providing comfort and emotional support, working to prevent immediate and future retaliation, promoting alternative strategies for dealing with conflicts, identifying the youth's short-term needs, and developing a plan for staying safe.


Referring patients to the Caught in the Crossfire program.


After The Hospital

After the young person leaves the hospital, the Intervention Specialist continues to foster a relationship, easing the youth's transition back into the community through frequent personal and telephone follow-up contact. The Specialist provides support and mentoring to the youth, as well as to his/her family, through intensive case management.

The CAUGHT IN THE CROSSFIRE Specialist provides a continuum of care for as long as the young person desires, typically for six months, contacting the young person at least once a week.



How The Youth Are Helped

The Intervention Specialist coordinates assistance from social services providers, probation officers, teachers, administrators, guidance counselors, hospital social workers, and other youth service professionals. This results in a network of wrap-around aid to the youth.

The Intervention Specialist, on an ongoing basis, links the young person and his or her family with local resources that meet participants' basic needs and promote healthy, nonviolent lifestyles, such as:
  • medical coverage and follow-up care
  • educational programs
  • job training programs
  • employment opportunities
  • counseling
  • life skills training
  • legal assistance
  • recreational programs
  • substance abuse intervention
  • anger management classes
  • safe housing

Youth participants have re-enrolled in school, received mental health counseling and job training, secured part-time and full-time employment, and found relief from crisis situations involving housing, food, transportation and health care.



Caught in the Crossfire: Results


  • Over 1,000 Oakland and Los Angeles youth and several thousand of their family members have been helped by CinC since 1994.


  • In 2007, 100% of all active CinC participants avoided re-injury & 91% of CinC participants were not arrested.


  • A study published in the Journal of Adolescent Health in March 2004 demonstrated that youth who participated in CinC were 70% less likely to get arrested & 60% less likely to have any criminal involvement than injured youth who were not involved in CinC. Results from a follow-up study demonstrating similar results were published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons in November 2007.
  • In 1994, CAUGHT IN THE CROSSFIRE began working with hospitalized youth at Highland Hospital in Oakland.  In 2006, the program was started in East Los Angeles in partnership with LA County + USC Medical Center, and in 2008 services began at California Hospital. 


    Caught in the Crossfire Los Angeles.


    Caught in the Crossfire: Participant Graduation, February 2009



    Board Members: David Durant, Deane Calhoun and Dr. Luis Montes



    Youth ALIVE! Los Angeles Staff: Humberto Jimenez, Remberto Nunez and Jose Ibarra-Virgen



    Youth ALIVE! Los Angeles staff and Jeff Carr



    Caught in the Crossfire graduates with CinC staff and Jeff Carr



    CA State Assembly Public Safety Committee Special Hearing, March 2009



    Gale Feldman - Director of Los Angeles Programs and
    Frankie Munoz - Caught in the Crossfire graduate
    testifying at a special hearing of the CA State Assembly Public Safety Committee



    Learn More:

    Want to see more results?  Read full case-control evaluation study results here.

    View year-end reports from the Oakland and Los Angeles Caught in the Crossfire programs here.

    Start your own Caught in the Crossfire peer intervention program.

    View additional resources and tools here.


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